Raven Neurology Review: For the Medical Student Clerkship (2018)

Raven Neurology Review (2018)

Raven Neurology Review: For the Medical Student Clerkship (2018) is an excellent clinical neurology book that is geared toward intermediate-level medical students, particularly those who are taking a neurology clerkship or studying for the shelf examination. Presentations are mostly case-based. For example, the book (page 135) provides a case of a young female with obesity … Read more

Fenichel’s Clinical Pediatric Neurology (2019)

Fenichel's Clinical Pediatric Neurology

Fenichel’s Clinical Pediatric Neurology (2019) is principally for pediatricians and neurologists, but there are very good reasons why generalists should have a good look at this book as well: it’s well organized in its clinical approach and will help you learn how to solve clinical problems in other fields too. Take, for example, hexosaminidase A … Read more

Why Consciousness is Not a Hard Problem

Phrenology

The “hard problem” of consciousness explores the paradox of subjective experiences amid an objective universe. While it is a fact that one’s consciousness is uniquely private, determining consciousness in others and non-humans remains challenging. Misconceptions and societal beliefs complicate the discourse, leading to a perception of consciousness as a perplexing issue.

Ataxia: The Physical Examination

Ataxia

Ataxia is an extremely important clinical sign that has a broad and important differential diagnosis. Causes of ataxia include posterior circulation strokes and various toxic and metabolic insults to the cerebellum (and sometimes to the spinocerebellar tracts). Ataxia can be a very subtle physical finding, especially when you don’t know what to look for or … Read more

Physical Examination of Muscles in Systemic Disease

Muscles

How to examine patients and report findings in patients with suspected muscle diseases: Abnormal movements Fasciculation → peripheral nerve injury Tremor Resting → Parkinsonism (with bradykinesia and rigidity) Intention → cerebellar issue → look for additional signs of cerebellar problems (e.g., ataxia) Myoclonus (involuntary purposeless jerks of limbs) → toxic metabolic issues (e.g., hypoxia, uremia, … Read more

Central vs. Peripheral Vertigo Simplified

Vertigo

The first and most important step in evaluating a patient with vertigo is to attempt to distinguish vertigo of central origin from vertigo of peripheral origin because the management of central vertigo (brain imaging, hospital admission) is very different from the management of peripheral vertigo (symptomatic treatment, outpatient referral). Differences Between Central and Peripheral Vertigo Peripheral Vertigo … Read more